The settlement between Stellantis and CARB avoids litigation that was set up to spotlight California's little litigated bar on “underground regulations"-- i.e., agency acts that fail to follow the APA. Just days before the settlement, the Office of Administrative Law denied a petition asking the Office to invalidate an agreement between CARB and other automakers regarding vehicle standards, which set the stage for the dispute to go to court. More information on the Stellantis settlement is available here: California announces partnership with Stellantis to further emissions reductions | California Air Resources Board.
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CARB dodges "underground regulation" bullet.
The California Air Resources Board and Stellantis announced a partnership today to further the automaker’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions from new light-duty vehicles and commitment to zero-emissions technology, including through investments in charging infrastructure.